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Computer Networks → Introduction to Computer Networks 39

5G NSA mode means
Non-Standalone (uses 4G anchor for control)
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LTE-M is optimized for
Low-power mobile IoT devices
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NB-IoT is optimized for
Low-power stationary IoT in poor coverage
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Cat-M1 (LTE-M) supports
Voice and mobile IoT
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EC-GSM-IoT extends
GSM for IoT
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TSCH in IEEE 802.15.4e provides
Time-slotted channel hopping for deterministic IoT
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WirelessHART uses
2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4
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ISA100.11a is used in
Industrial process automation
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DetNet provides
Deterministic bounded latency for critical applications
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TSN (Time-Sensitive Networking) is for
Industrial and automotive Ethernet
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PROFINET is
Industrial Ethernet protocol
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Modbus is
Classic serial and Ethernet industrial protocol
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OPC UA is
Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture for IIoT
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SCADA stands for
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
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IIoT differs from IoT because
Industrial-grade requirements for reliability and determinism
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OT security differs from IT security because
OT prioritizes availability over confidentiality
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Air gap means
Complete physical isolation from other networks
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Purdue model for ICS defines
Hierarchical zones from field devices to enterprise
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ICS SCADA security concern is
Legacy systems rarely patched with physical safety impact
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DNP3 protocol is used in
Utilities SCADA for power and water systems
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Shodan is
Internet search engine for connected devices
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MITRE ATT&CK for ICS covers
Adversary tactics for industrial control systems
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Stuxnet was targeted at
Iran nuclear SCADA (centrifuge control)
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OT incident response requires
Coordination between IT OT and safety teams
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MPLS label is
20 bits value plus TC S TTL fields = 32 bits total
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MPLS TC field is
Traffic Class 3 bits
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MPLS TTL field is
8 bits
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MPLS S field is
Bottom of stack indicator 1 bit
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SR-MPLS SRGB is
Segment Routing Global Block
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SR prefix SID identifies
A node or prefix in segment routing
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SR adjacency SID identifies
A specific link between two nodes
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SRv6 locator is
IPv6 prefix identifying the node
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SRv6 function identifies
Action to take at node (END END.X END.DT etc)
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SRv6 SID is combination of
Locator and function (and optionally argument)
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eBPF programs run in
Kernel with sandboxed safety verification
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eBPF XDP hook is at
NIC driver level (earliest point)
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eBPF TC hook is at
Traffic control layer for ingress and egress
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eBPF uprobe is for
User space function tracing
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eBPF kprobe is for
Kernel function tracing
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Computer Networks → Data Link Layer 1

EtherNet/IP is
Industrial Ethernet using CIP over standard Ethernet
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