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GK One-Line Question & Answer

15541+ short questions with short answers, covering every category and sub-category on the site — no long articles to scroll through. Good for a fast recap before an exam, or a few minutes of daily practice.

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Computer Fundamentals → Introduction to Computer 28

Aspect ratio 16:9 refers to?
Width to height ratio of 16:9
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Color depth of 24-bit display can show?
16,777,216 colors
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Pixel density (PPI) measures?
Pixels per inch of display
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Apple's Retina Display name indicates?
PPI high enough that individual pixels are indistinguishable at normal viewing distance
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HBM (High Bandwidth Memory) is used in?
High-performance GPU and AI accelerators
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Which memory type uses stacked dies for high density?
3D NAND Flash
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TLC NAND stores how many bits per cell?
3
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SLC NAND stores how many bits per cell?
1
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QLC NAND stores how many bits per cell?
4
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Write endurance of NAND flash is measured in?
Program/Erase (P/E) cycles
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TRIM command in SSDs?
Informs SSD which blocks are no longer in use for efficient garbage collection
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Over-provisioning in SSDs refers to?
Setting aside reserved NAND capacity for garbage collection and wear leveling
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DDR5 vs DDR4: DDR5 improvements include?
Higher bandwidth, lower voltage, on-die ECC
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Memory interleaving improves?
Memory bandwidth by accessing multiple modules simultaneously
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Dual-channel memory configuration?
Uses two RAM modules for doubled bandwidth
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XMP (Extreme Memory Profile) is used to?
Run RAM at rated speed (which may exceed JEDEC standard)
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Memory timing CAS Latency (CL) measures?
Column Address Strobe latency in clock cycles
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Lower CAS latency means?
Faster RAM response
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Which storage interface is slower: SATA or NVMe?
SATA
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Perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) in HDDs?
Records magnetic domains vertically, increasing density
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Shingled magnetic recording (SMR) writes?
Overlapping tracks like roof shingles for higher density
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Host-Managed SMR drives are controlled by?
The host OS/application
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Helium-filled hard drives offer?
Less resistance, lower power, higher density
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Which RAID level offers both striping and mirroring (RAID 1+0)?
RAID 10
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RAID 5 requires minimum how many drives?
3
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RAID 6 can tolerate failure of how many drives simultaneously?
2
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RAID 5 parity is used to?
Reconstruct data if one drive fails
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Which RAID offers no fault tolerance?
RAID 0
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Computer Fundamentals → Output Devices 2

Which output device is used in digital signage?
Commercial-grade LCD/LED display panels
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Which printer type is used in point-of-sale receipt printing?
Thermal (direct thermal)
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Computer Fundamentals → Memory Units 10

Which memory technology provides byte-level addressability like RAM but retains data like flash?
3D XPoint (Intel Optane)
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Wear leveling in SSD ensures?
Even distribution of writes across all cells to maximize lifespan
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Which memory interface connects DRAM to CPU in modern systems?
DDR4/DDR5 memory interface
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LPDDR RAM is optimized for?
Mobile devices (low power DDR)
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ECC RAM is required in?
Servers and workstations requiring data integrity
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Registered (Buffered) RAM (RDIMM) differs from UDIMM in?
Has register between controller and DRAM chips for stability with many modules
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SPD chip on RAM module stores?
Configuration information (speed, timings, voltage)
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M.2 form factor SSD can use which interfaces?
Both SATA and NVMe
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DRAM cache in an HDD improves?
Read/write performance by buffering frequently accessed data
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Flash memory endurance: SLC > MLC > TLC > QLC means?
SLC has most P/E cycles (highest endurance)
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