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Computer Networks → Introduction to Computer Networks 33

BGP ADD-PATH advertises
Multiple paths beyond best path
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BGP FlowSpec distributes
Traffic filtering rules for DDoS mitigation
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RPKI validates
IP prefix ownership using cryptographic certificates
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Prefix hijacking is
Advertising someone else IP prefix to attract their traffic
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Route server at IXP simplifies
Peering by centralizing BGP route exchange
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WAAS stands for
Wide Area Application Services
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ADC stands for
Application Delivery Controller
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WAF stands for
Web Application Firewall
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API gateway provides
Entry point for API traffic management auth rate limiting
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Service discovery in microservices
Auto-registers and finds service network locations
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Circuit breaker trips when
Failure threshold is reached stopping calls to failing service
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Retry with exponential backoff
Increases delay between retries to reduce load
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Rate limiting in APIs prevents
Overload by limiting requests per time period
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OFDMA key advantage over OFDM is
Multi-user frequency division in single channel
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MU-MIMO advantage over SU-MIMO is
Serving multiple users simultaneously with spatial multiplexing
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Beamforming improves
SNR by directing signal toward specific receiver
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DSRC in V2X operates at
5.9 GHz
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WPS vulnerability is in
PIN brute force due to flawed protocol design
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LTE eNodeB is
4G base station (evolved Node B)
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LTE MME stands for
Mobility Management Entity
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LTE HSS stores
Subscriber profiles and authentication data
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LTE S-GW is
User plane anchor between eNodeB and P-GW
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LTE P-GW connects
LTE to external IP networks providing UE IP address
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PCRF in LTE stands for
Policy and Charging Rules Function
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GTP-U is for
User plane data tunneling in cellular networks
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LTE OFDMA is used for
Downlink (from eNB to UE)
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LTE SC-FDMA is used for
Uplink (from UE to eNB)
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LTE HARQ combines
Forward error correction and retransmission at PHY layer
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5G NR (New Radio) supports which frequency ranges
Sub-6 GHz (FR1) and mmWave (FR2)
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5G core SBA uses
HTTP/2-based REST APIs between network functions
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SUPI in 5G replaces
IMSI
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SUCI in 5G protects
SUPI by encrypting it over the air
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AMF in 5G handles
Access and mobility management signaling
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Computer Networks → Types of Networks 2

SD-WAN provides application-aware routing by
Identifying apps and selecting best link based on requirements
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WAN optimization deduplication
Eliminates duplicate data patterns to reduce bandwidth
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Computer Networks → Wireless Networks 5

802.11n (Wi-Fi 4) introduced
MIMO with multiple spatial streams
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802.11ac (Wi-Fi 5) operates in
5 GHz band only
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802.11ad (WiGig) operates at
60 GHz
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Wi-Fi 6 BSS Coloring reduces
Interference and improves spatial reuse
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MLO in Wi-Fi 7 means
Multi-Link Operation across multiple bands
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