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Computer Networks → Introduction to Computer Networks 39

Full backup copies
All selected data
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Snapshot is
Point-in-time copy (often copy-on-write)
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Backup encryption protects
Data at rest in backup storage
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Backup testing validates
That backups can actually be restored
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Air-gapped backup is
Physically isolated backup storage unreachable via network
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What is BGP hijacking
Announcing another''s IP prefix to attract their traffic
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What is BGP route leak
Propagating route to unauthorized part of internet
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MANRS stands for
Mutually Agreed Norms for Routing Security
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RPKI ROA validates
IP prefix and maximum prefix length authorized by owner
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BGP security best practice includes
Filtering bogons and implementing RPKI
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Bogon prefix is
IP prefix not expected on public internet
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BCP38 recommends
Ingress filtering to prevent IP spoofing
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BCP84 recommends
Ingress filtering and defeating source address spoofing
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What is DDoS mitigation using BGP
Blackhole routing or scrubbing via BGP announcement
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Scrubbing center in DDoS
Cleans attack traffic before forwarding legitimate traffic
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What is network telemetry purpose
Collecting real-time network data for monitoring and analytics
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gNMI Subscribe RPC types are
Once poll and stream modes
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OpenConfig provides
Vendor-neutral YANG models for network configuration
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YANG module imports use
Import or include statements for module reuse
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RESTCONF PATCH method
Partially modifies existing resource
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NETCONF commit operation
Applies changes from candidate to running datastore
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NETCONF candidate datastore is
Workspace for uncommitted changes
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NETCONF lock protects
Datastore from concurrent modification
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NETCONF validate checks
Configuration syntax and semantics before apply
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What is network intent in IBN
High-level business policy expressed in business terms
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Closed-loop automation in networking
Monitors detects issues and self-remediates without human
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What is AI-powered anomaly detection
ML detecting unusual patterns indicating failures or attacks
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Digital twin in networking allows
Testing changes on virtual copy before production deployment
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AIOps reduces
Alert noise and accelerates incident resolution with ML
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What is network as code
Managing network configuration in version control like software
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GitOps pipeline for networks
Validates and deploys network config changes via Git
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What is immutable infrastructure
Replacing rather than modifying running infrastructure
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Blue-green deployment uses
Two identical environments switching between them for zero-downtime
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Canary deployment
Gradually rolls out to subset of users to reduce risk
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Feature flags in deployment
Enable or disable features without code deployment
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Rolling deployment
Gradually replaces old instances with new version
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A/B testing in deployments
Comparing two versions with different user groups
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What is SRE toil reduction
Automating repetitive manual operational work
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What is capacity planning in SRE
Ensuring resources meet current and future demand
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Computer Networks → Application Layer 1

Streaming telemetry advantage over SNMP polling is
Real-time push reduces latency and missed events
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