Quick Revision

GK One-Line Question & Answer

15541+ short questions with short answers, covering every category and sub-category on the site — no long articles to scroll through. Good for a fast recap before an exam, or a few minutes of daily practice.

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Computer Fundamentals → Introduction to Computer 36

Which sorting method does Python's list.sort() use?
Timsort (hybrid merge sort + insertion sort)
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zip() function in Python?
Combines multiple iterables element-by-element into tuples
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map() function in Python?
Applies a function to every element of an iterable
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filter() function in Python?
Returns elements from iterable where function returns True
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reduce() function is imported from?
functools module
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Python set is?
Unordered, no duplicates, mutable
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frozenset in Python is?
Immutable version of set — hashable, can be used as dictionary key
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deque in Python (collections.deque)?
Double-ended queue — efficient append/pop from both ends
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defaultdict in Python?
Dictionary with default value for missing keys — no KeyError
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Counter in Python (collections.Counter)?
Dictionary subclass counting hashable objects by frequency
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Python's heapq module provides?
Min-heap operations on a regular list
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Which Python module supports regular expressions?
re
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What does 'is' operator check in Python?
Identity — whether two variables point to same object in memory
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Pickling in Python?
Serializing Python objects to byte stream for storage/transmission
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__slots__ in Python class?
Restricts instance attributes and reduces memory usage
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Abstract class in Python is created using?
ABC module (from abc import ABC, abstractmethod)
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Python @property decorator?
Allows a method to be accessed like an attribute (getter/setter)
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Which Python framework is used for web development?
Django and Flask
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What is a zero-day exploit?
Attack using vulnerability unknown to vendor with no patch available
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Multi-factor authentication (MFA) categories are?
Something you know, have, and are (knowledge, possession, inherence)
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Which port does HTTPS use?
443
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SSL/TLS handshake purpose is?
Negotiate encryption parameters and exchange keys before secure communication
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What is a digital certificate used for?
Proving identity and enabling encrypted communication (contains public key + owner info)
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Symmetric encryption uses?
Same key for encryption and decryption
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Asymmetric encryption uses?
Key pair — public key encrypts, private key decrypts (or vice versa)
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Which of these is a symmetric algorithm?
AES
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DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) in network security is?
Network segment between internet and internal network for public-facing servers
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IDS vs IPS: main difference is?
IDS only detects and alerts; IPS actively blocks threats
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Which tool is used for network vulnerability scanning?
Nessus / OpenVAS
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Password complexity requirements typically include?
Uppercase, lowercase, numbers, special characters, and minimum length
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Which hashing algorithm is considered broken (collision vulnerability)?
MD5
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HTTPS protects against?
Man-in-the-middle attacks and eavesdropping by encrypting data in transit
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VPN provides?
Encrypted tunnel for secure remote access and privacy
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Social engineering target is?
Human psychology — manipulating people rather than systems
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Pretexting in social engineering?
Creating fabricated scenario to extract information from victims
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Baiting social engineering attack?
Offering something enticing (USB drive, free download) to lure victims
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Computer Fundamentals → Computer Security 3

Which type of malware encrypts files and demands payment?
Ransomware
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Firewall rules are processed in?
Top-to-bottom order — first matching rule applies
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Stateful firewall tracks?
Connection state — allows return traffic for established connections automatically
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Computer Fundamentals → Internet Basics 1

Phishing email characteristics include?
Urgent language, spoofed sender, suspicious links, requests credentials
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