Quick Revision

GK One-Line Question & Answer

15541+ short questions with short answers, covering every category and sub-category on the site — no long articles to scroll through. Good for a fast recap before an exam, or a few minutes of daily practice.

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Computer Fundamentals → Introduction to Computer 38

Black hat hacker is?
Malicious hacker breaking laws
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Social engineering attacks target?
Human psychology to obtain information
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Which key is used to access BIOS on most PCs?
F1, Del, or Esc (at boot)
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Secure Boot prevents?
Booting unauthorized/unsigned OS or bootloaders
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UEFI is the modern replacement for?
BIOS
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Which Windows feature creates system restore points?
System Restore
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The clock cycle is the basic unit of?
CPU operation timing
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IPC stands for in OS?
Inter-Process Communication
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Shared memory IPC?
Allows direct memory access between processes
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Message passing IPC?
Processes communicate by sending/receiving messages
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Fork() system call in Unix?
Creates a copy of the calling process
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exec() system call?
Replaces current process image with new program
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A race condition occurs when?
Two processes access shared resource simultaneously causing incorrect results
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Critical section problem solution requires?
Mutual exclusion, progress, bounded waiting
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Peterson's algorithm solves?
Critical section problem for two processes
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Which scheduling is preemptive?
Round Robin
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Convoy effect is a problem in?
FCFS scheduling
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Starvation in scheduling means?
Process waits indefinitely due to low priority
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Aging technique in scheduling?
Increases process priority over time to prevent starvation
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Banker's algorithm is used to?
Avoid deadlock by resource allocation checking
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Which of the following is a deadlock avoidance strategy?
Banker's algorithm
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LRU page replacement algorithm replaces?
Least recently used page
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FIFO page replacement replaces?
Oldest page in memory
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Optimal page replacement algorithm?
Replaces the page not used for longest time in future
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Bélády's anomaly occurs in?
FIFO
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Working set model is related to?
Page replacement and memory management
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File allocation table (FAT) stores?
Location of file data clusters on disk
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Inode in Linux stores?
File metadata (permissions, size, location)
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Hard link in Linux?
Points to same inode as original
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Soft link (symbolic link) in Linux?
Points to path/name of original file
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What does chmod 755 mean?
Read-write-execute for owner; read-execute for group and others
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Root user in Linux has UID?
0
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Which command shows network interfaces in Linux?
ifconfig or ip addr
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Which command installs packages in Ubuntu?
apt install
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Which command installs packages in CentOS/RHEL?
yum install / dnf install
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What is /etc in Linux?
System configuration files
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What is /var in Linux?
Variable data files (logs, spools, databases)
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What is /tmp in Linux?
System temp files (cleared on reboot)
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Computer Fundamentals → Operating System Basics 1

Which is a real-time operating system example?
VxWorks
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Computer Fundamentals → Output Devices 1

Monitor in OS synchronization is?
High-level synchronization construct
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