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Computer Networks → Introduction to Computer Networks 34

Istio is
Service mesh for Kubernetes
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etcd is used for
Distributed key-value store for Kubernetes cluster state
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Consul provides
Service discovery health checking and KV store
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Circuit breaker pattern prevents
Cascade failures by stopping calls to failing service
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Duplex mismatch causes
Collisions and extremely poor performance
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Broadcast storm results from
Layer 2 loop causing uncontrolled broadcast proliferation
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Black hole router silently drops packets without
Notifying sender with ICMP
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Output queue drops indicate
Interface congested with egress buffer overflowing
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MTU mismatch causes
Large packets dropped or fragmented degrading performance
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Asymmetric routing causes issues for
Stateful firewalls that see only one direction of flow
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gRPC uses which serialization
Protocol Buffers
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GraphQL allows client to
Specify exactly what data is needed in query
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JWT stands for
JSON Web Token
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OAuth 2.0 is used for
Authorization framework for third-party access
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OIDC is
Identity layer on top of OAuth 2.0 for authentication
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SAML stands for
Security Assertion Markup Language
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SSO stands for
Single Sign-On - one login for multiple applications
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FIDO2/WebAuthn provides
Passwordless authentication using cryptographic keys
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MFA requires
Two or more authentication factors knowledge possession inherence
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GDPR stands for
General Data Protection Regulation
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HIPAA relates to
Healthcare Information Portability and Accountability Act
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SOC 2 compliance is for
Trust Service Criteria for service organization security
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Data tokenization replaces sensitive data with
Non-sensitive token with original stored securely
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Data masking replaces sensitive data with
Realistic but fictitious data for non-production use
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Patch management is
Process of updating software to fix vulnerabilities
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Principle of least privilege means
Grant minimum access rights needed for a task
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Non-repudiation means
Inability to deny performing an action proven by digital signature
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CIA triad stands for
Confidentiality Integrity and Availability
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Defense in depth means
Multiple overlapping security layers for comprehensive protection
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SRE stands for
Site Reliability Engineering
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Error budget in SRE is
Permitted unreliability calculated as 1 minus SLO target
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Toil in SRE is
Manual repetitive automatable work with no enduring value
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Post-mortem in IT is
Blameless incident analysis document to prevent recurrence
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ITIL stands for
IT Infrastructure Library best practices
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Computer Networks → Presentation Layer 1

mTLS in service mesh provides
Mutual authentication between services
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Computer Networks → Routing Algorithms 1

OSPF hello timer mismatch causes
Adjacency failure between neighbors
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Computer Networks → Data Link Layer 3

CRC error on interface indicates
Physical layer issue bad cable noise or duplex mismatch
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Runts in Ethernet statistics are
Frames shorter than 64 bytes usually from collisions
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Giants in Ethernet statistics are
Frames larger than maximum allowed 1518 bytes
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Computer Networks → HTTP and HTTPS 1

REST API uses which HTTP methods
GET POST PUT DELETE and PATCH
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