Networking, DBMS [Computer Networks (25) + DBMS (25)] — 28 Jul 2026 — Free Online Test

Computer Networks

Q1 / 50

BGP NOTIFICATION message indicates

A Successful connection B Route update C Error condition causing session termination D Normal operation

Computer Networks

Q2 / 50

Email DKIM signs

A Port numbers B Email content with private key for verification C IP headers D Routing headers

Computer Networks

Q3 / 50

OSPF LSR is

A Link State Routing B Link State Relay C Link State Request D Link State Router

Computer Networks

Q4 / 50

Zigbee mesh extends range by

A Physical extension B Devices acting as routers to relay messages C Direct connections only D Protocol extension

Computer Networks

Q5 / 50

What is distributed lock

A Protocol lock B Physical lock C Security lock D Coordinating exclusive access across distributed nodes

Computer Networks

Q6 / 50

RIP metric is

A Reliability B Bandwidth C Hop count D Delay

Computer Networks

Q7 / 50

What is network latency impact on applications

A Slowing response time degrading user experience B Physical impact C Protocol impact D Security impact

Computer Networks

Q8 / 50

IPv6 privacy extensions create

A MAC-based IDs B Randomly changing interface IDs for privacy C NDP-based IDs D Static interface IDs

Computer Networks

Q9 / 50

XXE exploits

A HTTP parser B Certificate parser C SQL parser D XML parser to read files or perform SSRF

Computer Networks

Q10 / 50

PPP stands for

A Point-to-Point Protocol B Physical Path Protocol C Packet Processing Protocol D Peer-to-Peer Protocol

Computer Networks

Q11 / 50

Security misconfiguration includes

A Insecure defaults and unnecessary features left enabled B Physical misconfiguration C Too much logging D Correct default settings

Computer Networks

Q12 / 50

Supply chain attack targets

A End users B Physical supply C Retail products D Software vendor to reach customers downstream

Computer Networks

Q13 / 50

TCP keepalive interval default is

A 2 hours (varies by OS) B 60 seconds C 30 seconds D 90 seconds

Computer Networks

Q14 / 50

The frequency of the modulated signal is constant for the duration of one signal element, but changes for the next signal element if the data element changes. Both peak amplitude and phase remain constant for all signal elements. This is

A PSK B FSK C ASK D None of the above

Computer Networks

Q15 / 50

Cross-site scripting injects

A Malicious client-side scripts into pages viewed by users B SQL queries C Physical scripts D Server-side code

Computer Networks

Q16 / 50

Popular FTP clients are .

A coreftp B fireftp C filezilla D all of them

Computer Networks

Q17 / 50

SRv6 locator is

A Physical address B Protocol address C Security address D IPv6 prefix identifying the node

Computer Networks

Q18 / 50

What is kill chain in security

A Phases of cyberattack from reconnaissance to exfiltration B Security chain C Physical chain D Protocol chain

Computer Networks

Q19 / 50

5G UPF stands for

A User Privacy Function B Unified Protocol Function C User Plane Function D Universal Processing Function

Computer Networks

Q20 / 50

EtherChannel load balancing default is typically

A Source and destination MAC XOR B Round-robin C Destination MAC D Port-based

Computer Networks

Q21 / 50

What is mTLS certificate requirements

A Protocol mTLS B Physical mTLS C Both client and server present certificates for mutual auth D Security mTLS

Computer Networks

Q22 / 50

What is CVSS temporal score

A Protocol score B Physical score C Security score D Adjusting base score for exploit code maturity and fixes

Computer Networks

Q23 / 50

UDP does not add anything to the services of IP except for providing _______ communication.

A node-to-node B process-to-process C host-to-host D none of the above

Computer Networks

Q24 / 50

iperf3 -s starts iperf in

A Bidirectional mode B Client mode C Server mode D Monitor mode

Computer Networks

Q25 / 50

Raft algorithm is for

A Data compression B Distributed consensus via leader election C Encryption D Physical routing

DBMS

Q26 / 50

What is 4NF and what type of anomaly does it address beyond BCNF?

A 4NF addresses join dependencies only B 4NF addresses multivalued dependencies (MVDs): a relation is in 4NF if for every non-trivial MVD X multidetermines Y, X is a superkey. MVDs create redundancy even in BCNF relations with independent multi-valued facts C 4NF is identical to BCNF D 4NF requires all attributes to be in the same domain

DBMS

Q27 / 50

What is the difference between lossless join and dependency-preserving decomposition and why might you choose one over the other?

A Both properties are optional extras in database design B They are identical properties of a decomposition with different names C Lossless join only applies to 3NF; dependency-preserving only to BCNF D Lossless join: joining decomposed relations returns exactly the original relation (no spurious tuples) - mandatory for correctness. Dependency-preserving: all original FDs can be verified in decomposed relations without joins - desirable but not always achievable with BCNF. 3NF always achieves both but BCNF may sacrifice dependency preservation for stronger redundancy elimination

DBMS

Q28 / 50

What is the purpose of the SQL WITH clause (Common Table Expression - CTE)?

A To define transaction boundaries B To create permanent views in the database C To define named temporary result sets that can be referenced multiple times within a query improving readability and enabling recursive queries (WITH RECURSIVE) D To add comments to SQL queries

DBMS

Q29 / 50

Which of the following index is made up of more than one column?

A Composite index B Clustered index C Simple index D None of the above

DBMS

Q30 / 50

What is query rewriting through views in materialized view-based optimization?

A The query optimizer automatically recognizes when a user query can be answered using a pre-computed materialized view (even if the query does not reference the view directly) and rewrites the query to use the materialized view for improved performance B Manually rewriting queries to avoid using views C Rewriting view definitions to improve their performance D Converting views into stored procedures

DBMS

Q31 / 50

Which MySQL engine supports ACID transactions

A MyISAM B MEMORY C ARCHIVE D InnoDB

DBMS

Q32 / 50

……………….. contains information that defines valid values that are stored in a column or data type.

A View B Rule C Index D Default

DBMS

Q33 / 50

In relational algebra what does the division operator compute?

A The modulo of attribute values B Given relations R(A,B) and S(B), produces tuples from R[A] that are associated with ALL tuples in S - used for for-all type queries C The difference between two relation instances D The arithmetic division of attribute values

DBMS

Q34 / 50

What is the complementation rule for MVDs stated formally?

A If X multidetermines Y and X multidetermines Z then X to YZ B If X to Y then X multidetermines Y (every FD is an MVD) C If X multidetermines Y in relation R(X,Y,Z) where Z=R-X-Y then X multidetermines Z also holds; also every FD X to Y implies X multidetermines Y D If X multidetermines Y then X multidetermines Z for all Z

DBMS

Q35 / 50

Representations such as the in the dept year relation, with one column for each value of an attribute, are called _______ they are widely used in spreadsheets and reports and in data analysis tools.

A Cross-tabs B Snapshot C Both Cross-tabs and Snapshot D All of the mentioned

DBMS

Q36 / 50

State true or false i) A candidate key is a minimal super key. ii) A candidate key can also refer to as surrogate key.

A i-true, ii-false B i-false, ii-true C i-true, ii-true D i-false, ii-false

DBMS

Q37 / 50

What is data denormalization and when is it appropriate?

A Deliberate introduction of redundancy to improve read query performance appropriate in read-heavy analytical systems where write overhead is acceptable B Converting a database from one DBMS to another C Removing all constraints from a database table D Always a mistake that violates database principles

DBMS

Q38 / 50

What is row-level security (RLS) and how does it differ from view-based row filtering?

A RLS is only available in NoSQL databases B RLS requires application code to implement C RLS is a database feature where security policies are automatically applied to queries at the database level based on the executing user/role transparently filtering rows without requiring application code or view modifications; views require explicit usage and can be bypassed if user has direct table access D RLS and view-based filtering are identical

DBMS

Q39 / 50

A .................. normal form, normalization will be needed where all attributes in a relation tuple are not functionally dependent only on the key attribute.

A First B Second C Third D Fourth

DBMS

Q40 / 50

A is a property of the entire relation, rather than of the individual tuples in which each tuple is unique.

A rows B key C attribute D fields

DBMS

Q41 / 50

NOT IN with NULL in subquery causes

A Normal behavior B All rows returned C Error D No rows returned (NULL comparisons return UNKNOWN, NOT IN evaluates to UNKNOWN)

DBMS

Q42 / 50

What distinguishes a primary key constraint from a unique constraint?

A Primary key does not allow NULL values and must be unique; unique allows one NULL B They are functionally identical C Primary key enforces referential integrity; unique does not D Primary key allows NULL values; unique does not

DBMS

Q43 / 50

To remove a relation from an SQL database, we use the command.

A delete B purge C remove D drop table

DBMS

Q44 / 50

Which data model best supports multi-valued attributes natively without normalization?

A Hierarchical model B Network model C Object-oriented model and document model D Relational model

DBMS

Q45 / 50

What is the difference between synchronous and asynchronous replication?

A Synchronous waits for replica confirmation before committing; asynchronous commits immediately and replicates later B Synchronous only works for read replicas; asynchronous for write replicas C Synchronous is faster; asynchronous is slower D They are functionally identical

DBMS

Q46 / 50

The application program typically communicates with a database server, through or other protocols, in order to get or store data.

A jdbc B odbc C all of the mentioned D none of the mentioned

DBMS

Q47 / 50

The variables in the triggers are declared using

A – B @ C / D /@

DBMS

Q48 / 50

BoyeCodd Normal Form (BCNF) is needed when

A two non-key attributes are dependent B there is more then one possible composite key C there are two or more possible composite overlapping keys and one attributeof a composite key is dependent on an attribute of another composite key D there are two possible keys and they are dependent on one another

DBMS

Q49 / 50

………………… is a special type of integrity constraint that relates two relations & maintains consistency across the relations.

A Entity Integrity Constraints B Referential Integrity Constraints C Domain Integrity Constraints D Key Constraints

DBMS

Q50 / 50

What is a soft delete pattern and what are its trade-offs?

A Marking rows as deleted (is_deleted=1 or deleted_at=TIMESTAMP) instead of physically removing them preserving data for audit/recovery at the cost of increased table size and requiring all queries to filter out soft-deleted rows B Deleting data softly from disk without secure erasure C A delete operation that can be undone within a time window D A delete that only removes indexes but keeps data

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